Abstract

We presented our research titled “Sun’s ray effects that enhance mitochondrial activity.” at the 9th Global Webinar on Traditional and Integrative Medicine: (July 22-24, 2022). Furthermore, we presented another research titled “Solar microwaves induce plant growth” at the 57th Annual Microwave Power Symposium (IMPI 57) (June 14, 2023, Denver, USA) and at AMPERE 2023 (September 12, 2023, Cardiff, UK).１

On November 15, 2023, on NHK BS 103's "Humanience" program, Professor Kei Nagashima of Waseda University interestingly stated that body temperature is maintained through thermogenesis by mitochondria.

Biography

Shozo Yanagida (Emeritus Professor of Osaka University since 2004) is a pioneer of molecular-structured solar cells, and now stay at the forefront with regards to density functional theory-based quantum chemisty molecular modeling of molecular aggregats. Now, he may be regarded as a molecular-structure chemist using density-functional theory. He presented a plenary lecture entitled “Carbon dioxide is by no means the cause of climate change, and solar radio radiation causes climate change. Forecast/Verification by Quantum Chemistry Molecular Modeling in a global conference. Many theoretical verification examples by molecular modeling can be found on the homepage of M3 Laboratory Co., Ltd. (https://www.m3lab.en/).

Abstract

As machine learning approximates human intelligence, an explosion of innovation and discovery is predicted. It is referred to as the Singularity.

In time, Artificial Intelligence will be able to link all known data and information about human health and present a fully integrated, fully interoperable model of the mind-body complex.

Dr Eastwood will start this talk with the premise that we need to redefine “intelligence”. If we are not well intentioned in our dealings with others then we are not “intelligent”.

The same applies to Artificial Intelligence. Despite many positives of the technology there are many catastrophic dangers if the logical rules of computer programs are not consistent with the morals and ethics of a noble collective consciousness.

Prof Stephen Hawking summed this up perfectly when he is quoted as saying “The discovery of full Artificial Intelligence will be the greatest discovery in human history ... or the end of it!”

Biography

Dr Sean Eastwood has been a chiropractor in private practice for 20 years. Since 2013, he has been researching & developing the work of a now-deceased Australian software developer who claimed, and was never disproven, to have found "true" Artificial Intelligence (AGI) in 1999, based on the premise that the human thought process is a natural law like gravity. But computers don’t experience emotions or store unhealthy beliefs in a physical way. The result of Dr Sean's research & development are precise blueprints for thought and perception that accommodate all forms of physical, energy & light medicine. Originally an accountant and computer systems analyst, he retrained as a chiropractor to be eligible for post-graduate study in mind-body health. He is a certified practitioner of Neuro Emotional Technique (NET). Alan Turing, famous for shortening World War II by cracking German ciphers (as depicted in the movie The Imitation Game), merged mathematics, computer science, psychology and philosophy to create machine learning. Dr Sean's first book, Logically Accurate, Emotionally Healthy, and his online courses are an extension of Turing's work as it relates to human health.

Abstract

Arthritis is an extremely common degenerative disease that affects millions of people and in our global ageing population is a serious problem. 

Conventional Western medicine approaches to treating arthritis conditions include non-steroidal anti-inflammatories and drugs such as Methotrexate, both of which have unfortunate side effects. 

Discussion about alternative treatments or possible nutritional interventions are rarely discussed in the allopathic medicine context. 

Apitherapy is the use of bee medicine that has been practiced for 4000 years in China as part of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and is in frequent use in the Chinese mainstream medical system, where TCM is regarded as an essential platform. Apitherapy is also practiced in approximately 80 countries around the world but is not officially recognized in Australia or the United States. 

In countries that embrace Apitherapy, such as China, Arthritis is commonly treated with a combination of nutritional advice, TCM herbal medicine, acupuncture and Apitherapy “bee needle” as part of TCM acupuncture. The success of the treatments is well documented in the medical literature. In some countries where the method is not recognized patients have resorted to self treatment. 

My presentation will explain the background of treating arthritis with Apitherapy and also present some firsthand case studies of Australians who have treated their own arthritic conditions with positive results. 

Biography

Bridget Goodwin is a certified herbalist, and Apitherapist and is a founding member and President of the Australian Apitherapy Association. She is currently enrolled in a Post Doctoral Diploma in Integrative Medicine at Bio Quantum Academy, Canada. Bridget is preparing a thesis on non-toxic natural medicine treatments for cancer, most notably bee venom and photodynamic therapy using natural photosensitizers Bridget has a a post-graduate diploma in Health Sciences and is also completing a degree in Health Sciences (Naturopathy) from Torrens University, Australia. Bridget completed a Phd in 1996 on the Top Secret medical experiments using mustard gas on Australian soldiers during WWII. These experiments are now known to have been fundamental research for the introduction of chemotherapy. Chemotherapy followed hard on these experiments immediately after WWII, with many of the wartime scientists becoming oncologists. Her book on the subject, Keen As Mustard, was published by University of Queensland Press in 1998 and she is currently updating a second edition. Bridget also practices as a laser therapist and trains for www.dermaltherapycollege.com She has Cert III in Pathology Collection from Southern Pathology, NSW, 2023. Member of the Australian Association of Integrative Medicine Member of Naturopaths and Herbalists Association of Australia.

Abstract

Objective:
Holistic therapies offer a diverse range of approaches aimed at treating individuals as whole entities, addressing their physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual well-being. This presentation provides an overview of the objectives and efficacy of holistic therapies, emphasizing their growing importance in contemporary healthcare practices. By incorporating various modalities, holistic therapies strive to promote overall wellness and address underlying imbalances in the body. This abstract highlights the significance of integrating holistic approaches into mainstream healthcare, emphasizing the need for further research and evidence-based practices to validate their effectiveness. Through a comprehensive understanding of the objectives and efficacy of holistic therapies, healthcare professionals can better support patients in achieving optimal health outcomes and enhancing their quality of life.

Material and Method:
To achieve maximum benefits, we address the physical, emotional, and mental aspects of well-being. For the physical approach, we utilize the Therapeutic Frequency Generator Device, a patented technology recognized at the European level and awarded with 5 gold medals. This device serves as an adjunct in energetically balancing inflammations, infections, and various conditions.
In addressing the emotional and mental aspects, we utilize the biofeedback therapy, renowned for its holistic testing and therapy capabilities. Originally designed for emotional balancing of astronauts during space travel by NASA, the device employs various treatments and biofeedback techniques to achieve psycho-emotional balance. Additionally, our massage chair, with its patented massage technique from Japan, complements these approaches by promoting relaxation and stress reduction.

Results:
Holistic medicine offers a comprehensive approach to health, addressing the whole individual – physically, emotionally, mentally, and spiritually. By prioritizing health and balance through these approaches, individuals experience a multitude of positive changes. Physically, they may notice increased energy levels, improved weight management, and reduced risk of chronic diseases. Mentally and emotionally, they may experience reduced stress levels, enhanced mood, and overall well-being. These combined approaches lead to increased productivity, better sleep quality, and greater resilience to life's challenges, significantly enhancing quality of life and long-term fulfillment.

Conclusions:
Holistic medicine represents the concept of a comprehensive approach to health, addressing the whole individual: physically, emotionally, mentally, and spiritually. Through the integration of holistic therapies into mainstream healthcare, individuals can achieve optimal well-being and lead fulfilling lives.

Biography

Oana Codruta Bacean Miloicov, MD, PhD is a Senior Lecturer and a highly skilled medical practitioner: primary specialist of Family Medicine and specialist of Hygiene. With over 14 years of experience in educational leadership, she has served as a prominent figure in guiding and shaping the education of students in the field of hygiene at the esteemed “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy in Timișoara, Romania, Department 14th Microbiology, Discipline of Hygiene. Driven by her passion for holistic approaches, she also holds the position of Medical Management Director at the Center of Holistic Therapies and Research, a researcher with over 52 scientific publications and has authored two monographs, invention patent, projects, copyright protected concepts. In addition to the academic career, she is actively involved in practicing and promoting holistic therapies.

Abstract

This abstract explores the interplay between gut health, sleeping patterns, and the treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). By shedding the light to parents on how to treat their child as well as giving the ideas on changing the family dynamics to support both parent and child, Ine-Mari hope to help both parent and child understand the superpower of the ADHD child as well as changing the misconception about the phenomena.

Recent research suggests a two-way connection between gut health and ADHD, indicating that disruptions in stomach bacteria may worsen ADHD symptoms, while ADHD-related stress can harm the gut. Empowering parents as "first responders" by teaching them how to nourish and communicate with their ADHD children can reduce the stigma surrounding this diagnosis. Additionally, sleep issues are linked to both ADHD and gut problems, emphasizing the importance of understanding and addressing sleep disruption for individuals with ADHD. By educating parents on proper care and communication and recognizing the impact of sleep on ADHD, we can enhance conventional treatments. Prioritizing gut health and promoting healthy sleep habits provides a holistic approach to managing ADHD, recognizing the intricate connections within the body. This comprehensive strategy aims to alleviate the challenges associated with ADHD, fostering a more supportive environment for affected individuals.

Biography

Ine-Mari Bredekamp, a 1997 graduate of the Isa Carstens Health and Skin Care Academy in South Africa, holds a CIDESCO Health and Skin Care Diploma. Her CIDESCO final paper focused on stress's impact on daily life. Married to pilot Louis Bredekamp since 2004, she witnessed firsthand the effects of sleep disruption in aviation. Amid the COVID pandemic, her teenage son's ADHD diagnosis ignited her mission as a parent and health professional. Collaborating with experts like family medicine practitioner Ilse Onderweegs, they uncovered nutritional influences on ADHD symptoms. In a Global Webinar on Traditional and Integrative Medicine, Ine-Mari aims to share insights that empower parents worldwide in supporting their ADHD children to thrive.

Abstract

Ayurveda empowers individuals to take control of their well-being and achieve holistic wellness. It acknowledges personal responsibility and the significant impact of small changes on transformation. Combining ancient wisdom with modern validation, Ayurveda brings about revolutionary changes in adherents and inspires positive actions for long-lasting transformations. Ayurveda, an ancient system of medicine, promotes holistic well-being and supports individuals to become masters of their destinies. It recognizes the limitations of modern medicine and presents a path back to wholeness. While it is essential to validate scientifically, one should not undervalue the ancient wisdom of Ayurveda. Small changes can yield significant results, such as consuming warm lemon water for improved health. By emphasizing wellness over time and incorporating practices like yoga and pranayama, Ayurveda equips individuals to take charge of their wellbeing. It uses storytelling and archetypes to shape health journeys, recognizing the need for personal empowerment. Ayurveda offers a time-tested approach to authentic and lasting transformations, encouraging meaningful changes and personal responsibility. With further exploration, it has the potential to revolutionize day-to-day medicine and ignite ongoing positive action.

Biography

Brandon Williams, a retired logistics officer with 20 years of military experience, excels in coaching and training leaders from diverse backgrounds. Mentoring Afghan and Iraqi leaders during combat logistics operations, he has a proven track record of improving individuals and their output. With a Master of Business from the College of William and Mary and a Bachelor's degree in Religious Studies, Brandon brings a unique perspective to his coaching approach. Formerly a successful Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Manager and Logistics Terminal Manager, he is now pursuing certification as an Ayurvedic Lifestyle Coach through the esteemed Deepak Chopra Total Well-Being program, focusing on Health, Meditation, and Coaching.

Abstract

The importance of embracing a holistic approach to trauma recovery, and the effective strategies for emotional healing...

Adopting a holistic approach is crucial when addressing trauma and embarking on a healing journey. Trauma support is a compassionate and empowering framework that acknowledges the trauma's effects on an individual's well-being. It guides them toward healing, resilience, and personal growth.

Generally, trauma is any sort of experience that causes someone a high degree of distress. However, trauma is also relative to the person experiencing it. Therefore, not every person will react to a traumatic event the same way. As such, there are many trauma therapy techniques to address a person’s unique challenges. A brain affected by trauma doesn’t always know how to tell the difference between something harmless and the past traumatic event. As a result, a person impacted by trauma may develop a variety of mental health disorders.

Typical sources of trauma:

-Sexual abuse/physical abuse/emotional abuse

-Childhood neglect

-Domestic violence

-Witnessing/experiencing traumatic events

-Mass and community violence events

-War

-Car accidents

Effective trauma therapy with a professional, is crucial to help and support people who have experienced trauma heal.

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is one of the more talked-about disorders that can result from trauma. However, many other common disorders can stem from trauma as well:

-Anxiety disorders

-Depressive disorders

-Panic disorders

-Personality disorders

In many cases, the symptoms brought on by trauma are extreme versions of healthy reactions to stress. Therefore, proper treatment is vital to the individual's mental health.

LATEST STATISTICS 2023:

-World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that 3.6% of the world population experienced PTSD in a given year.

-It’s estimated that one in 11 people will be diagnosed with PTSD in their lifetime.

-About one in three people who experience severe trauma will develop PTSD.

-Of people diagnosed with PTSD, about 22.3% fall into the category of having severe symptoms.

In 2014, Dutch clinician Bessel van der Kolk published the book,  'The Body Keeps the Score: Brain, Mind, and Body in the Healing of Trauma,' which examines the ways in which trauma “rewires the brain and changes the way people experience the world”.

Over the past decade, the use of integrative health modalities, such as mind-body interventions, art therapy, nutrition, and exercise, to treat stress-related mental health conditions which have been on the risse, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in global populations has been increasing. 

The use of integrative therapies for PTSD provides options for those who are not interested in traditional modalities, have limited access to traditional treatments, or are seeking a more comprehensive approach to managing their PTSD. 

MOST POPULAR HOLISTIC THERAPIES: 

-Yoga also holds promise for PTSD, given its roots in mindful movement and its effect on the autonomic nervous system, or its ability to correct imbalances known to be associated with PTSD 

-Acupuncture may play a role in reregulating the autonomic nervous system after trauma, as well as treating the pain often experienced by  trauma survivors.

 -Qigong and Tai Chi may also assist in managing PTSD symptoms, given their positive effects on intrusive thoughts and concentration among trauma survivors.

 -Art therapy, one of the oldest integrative health modalities, has been associated with a reduction in symptoms of PTSD

-Meditation programs such as mindfulness have been useful in PTSD patients; 

-Various plant based compounds such as Ashwagandha or Chamomile can help reduce anxiety symptoms; 

-Medical cannabis might be useful in selected PTSD patients

Here are some Psychotherapy trauma-related treatments:

1. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) focuses on recognizing problematic thinking patterns and working to change them, which then helps change behavior patterns. This treatment requires a person to engage in weekly appointments to learn skills that can be used to manage their symptoms. Throughout the course of treatment, a person will practice skills outside of sessions. Meanwhile, the provider will make sure to address any barriers and highlight progress. Standard CBT traditionally takes 12 to 16 weeks.

2. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing was originally designed in 1987 to alleviate the distress associated with traumatic memories such as post-traumatic stress disorder. EMDR is a unique form of psychotherapy designed to diminish negative feelings associated with memories.

3.Neuro-linguistic programming (NLP) is a pseudoscientific approach to communication, personal development and psychotherapy.

The 5 major principles  of trauma care are: 

-safety, 

-choice, 

-collaboration, 

-trustworthiness 

-empowerment.

Ensuring that the physical and emotional safety of an individual is addressed, is the first important step to providing  a safe, healthy environment for the individual to heal.

Understanding that trauma can have long-lasting emotional, neurological, psychological, social, and biological effects and that the treatment path is “informed” by these past experiences, the therapists requires a strong sense of empathy .

Biography

Helena Georgiou Helena Georgiou is a powerhouse advocate for those who have experienced trauma. As the the founder of BraveHeart, she is dedicated to empowering survivors of abuse and has become a leading voice in the breaking the silence. Helena's journey has been shaped by her own experiences of molestation, using them as a catalyst for positive change to dedicate her life now to aid others who have faced similar challenges. As a Transformational speaker, coach and advocate, Helena has reached countless individuals with her powerful message of courage. Helena presented her public speech on Secrets, Truth & Tenacity at the 'Women's Integrative Health Event' in Cyprus, by Heleniq Argyrou. Helena has been featured in numerous publications, including Business Fit Magazine, Daily Inspired Life magazine & Purpose Driven Entrepreneur Magazine. She has appeared on various podcasts, such as 'Bringing The World Together' by Andrea Mason, 'Wounds to Wisdom' by Peggy McIntyre and 'Domestic Violence & Women, by Women of Truth. Radio show interviews include, 'Women of Power' by Chrissie Sheppard. Helen Argyrou: Born and bred in Africa Helen is an award-winning global visionary, innovative clinical psychologist and speaker specializing in the Enneagram for Optimising Leadership Excellence. As a Neuroscience FlowMojo™ Entrainment Researcher - a focus that evolved from her multiperspectivity, fascination with the sound energy medicine of the primordial pulse and interest then in how rhythm advances consciousness, she became known for her ability to merge spirituality with science. Her interest in the politics and construction of identity developed into a book about self-deception and another on the way about how to construct ourselves for success. She works as a mentor and executive coach globally and conference founder, speaker trainer and curator for Women of Truth which she founded in 2015 as Yinalthea in Cyprus. This movement grew to the Netherlands and now awards 50 Integrative Health Innovation leaders in Dubai, elevating them to galvanize their global impact. Expect next her Xtravisionaries Project with her Luminary Leaders partners in Asia, which refines pioneers by helping them expand their bandwidth for epic times which premiers on you tube every 21st of each month with her 'Finger on the Pulse' World Vibe check.

Abstract

Mistletoe therapy, an integral component of complementary and alternative medicine, has garnered increasing attention for its potential positive impact on cancer treatment outcomes. This presentation aims to summarize the current evidence regarding the beneficial effects of mistletoe therapy in cancer management, spanning both preclinical studies and clinical trials.

Preclinical investigations have elucidated the multifaceted mechanisms underlying mistletoe extracts' therapeutic efficacy, including immunomodulation, induction of apoptotic cell death, and inhibition of tumor angiogenesis. Notably, mistletoe extracts derived from Viscum album have demonstrated potent anticancer properties, targeting various signaling pathways implicated in tumor progression and metastasis.

Clinical trials have provided compelling evidence supporting the positive use of mistletoe therapy in cancer patients. Patients receiving mistletoe extracts alongside conventional treatments have reported improvements in cancer-related symptoms, including fatigue, pain, and nausea. Moreover, mistletoe therapy has been associated with enhanced quality of life, as evidenced by improvements in physical functioning, emotional well-being, and social interactions.

Furthermore, mistletoe therapy has shown promise in modulating the adverse effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, such as myelosuppression and mucositis, thereby improving treatment tolerability and patient adherence. Importantly, mistletoe therapy's immunomodulatory effects have been implicated in enhancing patients' immune function, potentially contributing to better treatment outcomes and reduced risk of disease recurrence.

While the existing body of evidence supports the positive role of mistletoe therapy in cancer management, further research is warranted to optimize treatment protocols and explore potential synergies with new conventional therapies. Overall, mistletoe therapy represents a promising adjunctive approach in cancer care, offering holistic benefits that extend beyond traditional symptom management to encompass improved quality of life and enhanced therapeutic outcomes for cancer patients.

Biography

Sonja Bernet is a Medical Herbalist who has completed her Life Science degree at Westminster University in London. She has then specialized in complementary therapies for cancer patients and is working as a therapist and medical representative in Switzerland and Germany.

Abstract

Ayurveda is ancient scientific way of living long and healthy. Prevention is better than cure is the moto of Ayurveda system of healing. Ayurveda focus on individualized medicine. Ancient scientists of Ayurveda had done lot of research work on herbal and Herbo-mineral drugs, dosage delivery and improvisation of potency of drugs. Concept of reduction of particle size is quoted in Charak Samhita (1500 B.C) while explaining Lohadi Rasayana.In 7th century, Concept of Bhasma is the most ancient application of Nano-medicine.

To increase the herbal potency of herbal drugs, herb is triturated with decoction of same medicine where energy remains drug disappears. Process of Shodhana, Nirvapana,Bhavana, Jarana, Maran,Sookshmikaran, Mardana,Putapaaka,Bhasma nirmaan are various types of procedures which are conducted for preparation nano particles in Ayurveda.There is concept of sookshma aushadhi chikitsa where medicine is given in very minute form, nano particles for effective results. They absorb fast in microcirculation and they are cost effective also.

Biography

Dr. Shivani Sanjeev Gavande is Ph.D. in Ayurveda, Masters in Kayachikitsa-Ayurveda and a Bachelor of Ayurvedic Medicine and Surgery. She has received Hari Ananta Gold Medal for her research work under Ayurvidya, New Delhi. She is the Professor of Kayachikitsa and PhD guide at Parul Institute of Ayurved and Research, Vadodara, Gujarat, India and had been faculty and examiner of Maharashtra University of Health Sciences, Nasik. She is having 21 years of clinical and academic experience. Dr.Shivani Sanjeev Gavande has been resource person in various Ayurveda workshops and seminars. Also she has shared her valuable clinical experiences and Ayurvedic concepts in various national and international conferences. She has published her research articles in peer reviewed national and international journals. She was invested Ph.D. for her work in Enhancement of quality of life in patients having cancers of female genital organs. She has been worked for teenagers since last 23 years and socially active for women empowerment and environmental awareness. She is healer and councilor of mindfulness program, satwavajaya chikitsa also volunteer of Aniruddha Academy of Disaster management.

Abstract

Chronic low back pain affects millions of people worldwide. It is a leading cause of disability and reduced quality of life. It often travels in a pack with other problems impacting physical, mental, and social functioning. It is frequently treated with opiates that offer no long-term benefit. There are several non-pharmacological treatment alternatives that can help manage chronic back pain. Mindfulness meditation has been shown to have other numerous health benefits. There is moderate evidence that mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) such as Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction (MBSR) lower the perception of pain, improve functioning and overall well-being. By integrating MBIs and other therapeutic interventions in a multi-disciplinary pain management plan, clinicians can improve treatment outcomes, potentially decrease pain-related medication utilization, and empower individuals to manage their pain more effectively.

Biography

Dr. Ruchi Kukreja is board certified family physician with fellowship in Integrative Medicine. She completed her medical school training from King George Medical College, in India and Family Medicine residency in 2012 from St. Francis Hospital in Delaware, USA. After completing residency, she worked as an Assistant professor at Temple University school of medicine in Philadelphia and then with Jefferson Health in Pennsylvania as a primary care physician. She completed one-year Integrative Medicine fellowship training last year from University of Michigan, Ann Arbor and Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) teacher training (level 1) with Brown University. She believes in whole health approach to health and healing and has a passion for empowering patients with tools for wellness. She is currently working as an Integrative Medicine Physician at Bucks County Center for Integrative Medicine (BCIM) in Pennsylvania, USA.

Abstract

This presentation explores the concept of psychedelic integration through the lens of Interpersonal Neurobiology (IPNB), a framework that emphasizes the linking of differentiated parts within a system. By grounding the integration process within IPNB's domains, we gain a comprehensive framework to guide individuals through this transformative journey. This emergent approach ensures that integration is not confined to a specific domain but rather permeates all aspects of life – mind, body, and relationships. Through this holistic perspective, practitioners can effectively navigate the complexities of integration and unlock the profound healing and growth that lies within.

Biography

Elizabeth Shuler completed her PsyD from California Southern University with her thesis titled Implementing Psychedelic Assisted Therapy in Telemental Health: A Systematic Review. She received her MSc in Mental Health Counseling from the University of Wyoming. She is a certified transformational coach, certified yoga therapist, and Reiki Master. She has worked in Jordan, China, and now Belgium.

Abstract

Introduction of Teff (Eragrostis tef) as Ethiopian Origin: 

Teff, scientifically known as Eragrostis tef, is an ancient grain indigenous to Ethiopia where it has been cultivated for thousands of years. It is a staple crop in these regions and plays a significant cultural, dietary, and economic role. Teff is a member of the grass family (Poaceae) and is characterized by its small grains, which are similar in size to poppy seeds.Teff is believed to have originated in Ethiopia, where it has been cultivated since ancient times. Its cultivation predates even the domestication of other major cereal grains like wheat and barley. The word "teff" is thought to be derived from the Amharic word "teffa," which means "lost," referring to the small size of its grains, making them difficult to harvest. 
Characteristics:

Ethiopian Teff, scientifically known as Eragrostis tef, encompasses several varieties that vary in color, size, and agronomic characteristics. While there are numerous varieties of Teff cultivated in Ethiopia, they can generally be categorized into two main types based on grain color White and Brown. 

Grain Size: Teff grains are tiny, about the size of a poppy seed, and come in various colors, including white, red, and brown. White varieties are the most common. 

Nutritional Profile: Despite its small size, Teff is packed with nutrients. It is an excellent source of protein, dietary fiber, B vitamins (such as thiamine and riboflavin), minerals (such as calcium, iron, and magnesium), and antioxidants. Additionally, Teff is gluten-free, making it suitable for individuals with celiac disease or gluten intolerance. 

Climatic Adaptability: Teff is known for its remarkable tolerance to diverse environmental conditions, including extremes of temperature, altitude, and soil type. It thrives in both highland and lowland regions and is well-suited to Ethiopia's varied agroecological zones. 

Cultural Significance: Teff holds immense cultural significance in Ethiopia, where it is the primary ingredient in the national dish, injera. Injera is a fermented flatbread that serves as a staple food and an integral part of Ethiopian cuisine and social gatherings. 

Global Interest:In recent years, Teff has garnered increasing attention beyond Ethiopia and beyond due to its exceptional nutritional value, gluten-free status, and potential as a sustainable crop. It has gained popularity as a health food and alternative grain in various parts of the world, leading to increased demand and commercial production outside of its native region. 

In summary, Teff is an indigenous unique and versatile grain with deep roots in Ethiopian culture and agriculture. Its nutritional richness, cultural importance, and adaptability make it a valuable crop with the potential to contribute to global food security and nutrition. The agro economic value of Ethiopian Teff is very high not only in Ethiopia but also globally. It will be one of the best prestigious and sought grain in the world. Long live Ethiopian farmers to keep this indigenous original Teff traditionally and bring it one of the best healthy grains in the world in this very dynamic high populated era. God bless the Ethiopian Farmers forever!!! 

Ethiopian Medicinal Plants “Teff (Eragrostis tef): 

In Ethiopia, Teff (Eragrostis tef) holds a significant cultural, dietary, and medicinal importance. While Teff is primarily known as a staple grain used in traditional Ethiopian cuisine, it also has several medicinal properties.It's essential to note that scientific research on its specific medicinal effects is limited. However, its nutritional composition and cultural significance underscore its potential as a valuable component of a healthy diet with potential health benefits. 

Digestive Health: Teff is rich in dietary fiber, which promotes digestive health by preventing constipation, regulating bowel movements, and supporting overall gastrointestinal function 

Energy Boost: Teff is a good source of complex carbohydrates, which provide sustained energy release. 

Anemia Management: Teff contains notable amounts of iron, an essential mineral for red blood cell production and oxygen transport 

Postpartum Recovery: In Ethiopian culture, Teff is traditionally consumed by women during the postpartum period to aid in recovery and replenish nutrients lost during childbirth. Its nutrient-rich profile, including iron and other minerals, supports overall health and vitality during this critical time. Bone Health: Teff contains calcium and other minerals important for bone health. Teff consumption may be recommended to strengthen bones and prevent conditions like osteoporosis. 

Diabetes Management: Teff has a low glycemic index, meaning it does not cause a rapid spike in blood sugar levels after consumption. 

The medical value of Teff: 

Teff is a gluten-free grain that has gained attention for its potential health benefits. Here are some of its medical values:Teff is rich in nutrients, including protein, dietary fiber, B vitamins (such as thiamine and riboflavin), and minerals (such as calcium and iron). This makes it a valuable addition to diets, especially for individuals with dietary restrictions or deficiencies. It is Gluten-Free naturally and making a suitable grain for individuals with celiac disease or gluten intolerance. Teff is also helpful for blood sugar control, digestion, healthy heart, weight management, bone health, antioxidant properties, energy supplement for athletic performance, absorption of iron and etc. 

The relation of Immunology and Teff: 

The relationship between immunology and Teff, the grain, primarily lies in the potential impact of Teff consumption on immune function and overall health. While Teff itself is not directly involved in immunological processes like an immune-boosting supplement or medication, its nutritional composition can play a role in supporting immune health indirectly. As part of a balanced diet, Teff can contribute to maintaining a healthy immune system and reducing the risk of immune-related disorders. However, individual responses may vary, and it's essential to consider overall dietary patterns and lifestyle factors in supporting immune health. Here's how Teff and immunology intersect: Nutritional support, Anti-inflammatory properties, Gut health, Blood sugar regulation and overall health promotion.  The role of Teff by B- cells and T – cells:

The role of Teff, the grain, in modulating B-cells and T-cells, which are key components of the immune system, primarily relates to its impact on overall immune health through its nutritional composition. 

While Teff itself does not directly interact with B-cells and T-cells in the same way as immunomodulatory drugs or compounds, its nutrients and bioactive components can influence immune function indirectly. While Teff's impact on B-cells and T-cells is primarily indirect through its nutritional and physiological effects, its role in promoting overall immune health is significant. Incorporating Teff into a balanced diet alongside other nutrient-rich foods supports the proper functioning of the immune system and helps protect against infectious diseases and immune-related disorders. However, individual responses may vary, and it's essential to consider overall dietary patterns and lifestyle factors in supporting immune health. 

 The effect of Teff on gluten: 

Teff is inherently gluten-free, which means it does not contain gluten, a protein composite found in wheat, barley, rye, and related grains. This characteristic makes Teff an excellent alternative for individuals with celiac disease, gluten sensitivity, or those choosing to follow a gluten-free diet for other health reasons. Here's how Teff's gluten-free nature affects individuals with gluten-related conditions: 

Celiac Disease: Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by an immune reaction to gluten. In individuals with celiac disease, consuming gluten-containing foods triggers an immune response that damages the lining of the small intestine, leading to inflammation, malabsorption of nutrients, and various symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal pain, and fatigue. Since Teff does not contain gluten, it is safe for individuals with celiac disease to consume as part of a gluten-free diet. 

Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity: Some individuals may experience symptoms similar to those of celiac disease when consuming gluten-containing foods but do not have the characteristic intestinal damage seen in celiac disease. This condition is known as non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS). For individuals with NCGS, avoiding gluten can help alleviate symptoms. Teff provides a gluten-free alternative that allows these individuals to enjoy grains without triggering adverse reactions. 

Wheat Allergy: Wheat allergy is an immune-mediated reaction to proteins found in wheat, distinct from gluten intolerance or celiac disease. Individuals with wheat allergy must avoid wheat and wheatderived products but can safely consume gluten-free grains like Teff. 

Gluten-Free Diet: Some people choose to follow a gluten-free diet for reasons other than medical necessity, such as perceived health benefits or dietary preferences. Teff offers a nutritious and versatile gluten-free option for individuals adhering to a gluten-free lifestyle. 

In summary, Teff's gluten-free nature makes it a valuable grain for individuals with celiac disease, gluten sensitivity, wheat allergy, or those opting for a gluten-free diet. It provides a nutritious alternative to gluten-containing grains and can be incorporated into a variety of dishes to meet dietary needs and preferences. However, it's essential for individuals with celiac disease or gluten-related conditions to ensure that Teff and Teff-based products are sourced from reputable sources to avoid potential cross-contamination with gluten-containing grains during processing. 

Which vitamin , minerals and trace elemnts has Ethiopian Teff: 

Ethiopian Teff is a highly nutritious grain, rich in various vitamins, minerals, and trace elements. 

Vitamins: Vitamin B1 (Thiamine): Important for energy metabolism and nerve function.Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin): Essential for energy production and maintaining healthy skin and eyes.Vitamin B3 (Niacin): Supports metabolism and nervous system function.Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine): Involved in amino acid metabolism and neurotransmitter synthesis.Vitamin B9 (Folate): Vital for DNA synthesis and cell division, especially important during pregnancy.Vitamin E: Acts as an antioxidant, protecting cells from oxidative damage. 

Minerals: Iron: Essential for the production of hemoglobin and oxygen transport in the blood.Calcium: Important for bone health, muscle function, and nerve transmission.Magnesium: Required for numerous enzymatic reactions in the body, including energy metabolism and muscle function.Phosphorus: Plays a role in bone and teeth formation, as well as energy metabolism.Zinc: Involved in immune function, wound healing, and DNA synthesis.Potassium: Necessary for maintaining fluid balance, muscle function, and nerve transmission.Copper: Aids in iron metabolism, connective tissue formation, and antioxidant defense.Manganese: Supports bone health, carbohydrate metabolism, and antioxidant function.Selenium: Acts as an antioxidant and is important for thyroid function and immune health. 

Trace Elements:Molybdenum: Functions as a cofactor for enzymes involved in amino acid metabolism.Chromium: Helps regulate blood sugar levels and enhances insulin sensitivity.Cobalt: Essential component of vitamin B12, which is important for red blood cell production and neurological function.Silicon: Plays a role in bone health, connective tissue formation, and collagen synthesis. 

These nutrients contribute to the overall nutritional value of Teff, making it a valuable addition to a balanced diet. Additionally, Teff is gluten-free, making it suitable for individuals with celiac disease or gluten intolerance. 

Which protein and amino acid has Ethiopian Teff? 

Ethiopian Teff is a good source of protein, and it contains a variety of essential and non-essential amino acids. The protein content of Teff can vary depending on factors such as the variety of Teff and growing conditions, but on average, it contains approximately 8-11% protein by weight. Teff's protein profile makes it a valuable source of amino acids, particularly lysine, which is often limited in other cereal grains like wheat and rice. Including Teff in the diet can help diversify protein intake and provide a range of essential amino acids necessary for overall health and well-being. 

Here are some of the essential amino acids found in Teff:Lysine,Leucine, Isoleucine, and Valine (Branched-Chain Amino Acids, BCAAs), Phenylalanine and Tyrosine, Methionine,Threonine. Tryptophan,Histidine, Arginine,Isoleucine and Valine. 

The value of Ethiopian Teff for DNA synthesis: 

Ethiopian Teff, like other whole grains, contributes to DNA synthesis and overall cellular health through its nutritional content. By providing these essential nutrients and antioxidants, Ethiopian Teff contributes to DNA synthesis and overall cellular function. Including Teff in the diet as part of a balanced and nutritious eating pattern supports optimal cellular health and may help maintain DNA integrity. 

Here's how Teff's nutritional value supports DNA synthesis:Folate (Vitamin B9): Teff is a good source of folate, a B-vitamin essential for DNA synthesis and repair. Folate is crucial for the production and maintenance of new cells, including red blood cells, and plays a critical role in preventing neural tube defects during fetal development.Iron: Teff contains iron, which is necessary for the formation of hemoglobin, a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen throughout the body. Adequate iron intake ensures oxygen delivery to cells, including those involved in DNA synthesis and repair.Zinc: Zinc is an essential mineral involved in various cellular processes, including DNA synthesis and repair. It is a 

cofactor for enzymes required in DNA replication and transcription. Teff provides zinc, contributing to these vital cellular functions.Magnesium: Magnesium is involved in hundreds of biochemical reactions in the body, including those related to DNA replication and repair. It acts as a cofactor for enzymes involved in these processes. Teff contains magnesium, supporting cellular activities essential for DNA synthesis.B Vitamins: Teff contains various B vitamins, including thiamine (B1), riboflavin (B2), niacin (B3), pyridoxine (B6), and cobalamin (B12), which are necessary for energy metabolism and cellular processes. These vitamins play indirect roles in supporting DNA synthesis by providing energy and participating in biochemical pathways.Antioxidants: Teff contains antioxidants such as vitamin E and polyphenols, which help protect cells from oxidative damage. Oxidative stress can lead to DNA damage, mutations, and impaired DNA synthesis. By neutralizing free radicals, antioxidants in Teff support cellular health and DNA integrity. 

Celiac disease and the clinical symptoms of it: 

Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by an abnormal immune response to gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, rye, and their derivatives. When individuals with celiac disease consume gluten, their immune system reacts by damaging the lining of the small intestine. Over time, this immune-mediated damage can lead to various gastrointestinal symptoms and impair the absorption of nutrients, resulting in nutritional deficiencies and other systemic complications. 

Clinical Symptoms:The clinical presentation of celiac disease can vary widely among individuals, and some individuals may experience symptoms while others may be asymptomatic (referred to as "silent" celiac disease). Common symptoms of celiac disease include: 

1. Gastrointestinal Symptoms: 
   • Abdominal pain and cramping 
   • Diarrhea 
   • Constipation 
   • Bloating and gas 
   • Nausea and vomiting 
2. Malabsorption Symptoms: 
   • Weight loss 
   • Fatigue and weakness 
   • Anemia (due to iron deficiency) 
   • Bone pain or joint pain (due to calcium and vitamin D deficiency) 
   • Dental enamel defects 
   • Peripheral neuropathy (numbness or tingling in the extremities) 3. Dermatological Symptoms: 
   • Dermatitis herpetiformis: a chronic skin rash characterized by itchy, blistering lesions, typically found on the elbows, knees, buttocks, and scalp. 

4.               Other Symptoms: 

• Delayed growth or failure to thrive in children 
• Reproductive issues, such as infertility or miscarriage 
• Neurological symptoms, such as headaches or depression 

It's important to note that individuals with celiac disease may not necessarily present with gastrointestinal symptoms and may instead experience symptoms related to malabsorption, dermatological issues, or other systemic complications. 

Which immune cells are attacked by gluten? 

In individuals with celiac disease, gluten triggers an abnormal immune response that leads to damage in the lining of the small intestine. The immune reaction primarily targets specific immune cells within the intestinal mucosa, as well as the structures they interact with. Overall, the immune response to gluten in celiac disease involves a complex interplay between various immune cells, leading to inflammation, tissue damage, and the characteristic symptoms associated with the condition. The identification of these immune cells and their interactions provides insights into the pathogenesis of celiac disease and potential targets for therapeutic intervention. 

 The key immune cells involved in the immune response to gluten in celiac disease include: T-cells (T lymphocytes), Intraepithelial Lymphocytes (IELs), Antigen-Presenting Cells (APCs), B-cells (B lymphocytes). 

The role of teff for pregnancy and ovulation: 

Teff, a gluten-free whole grain native to Ethiopia, can play a beneficial role in supporting pregnancy and ovulation due to its nutritional composition. Here's how Teff may contribute to reproductive health:

Folate Content: Teff is a good source of folate (vitamin B9), which is crucial for fetal development, especially during the early stages of pregnancy. Adequate folate intake helps prevent neural tube defects and other congenital abnormalities in the developing fetus. Incorporating folate-rich foods like Teff into the diet before conception and during pregnancy is recommended to support maternal and fetal health. 

Iron Content: Iron deficiency is common among pregnant women and can lead to anemia, which poses risks for both maternal and fetal health. Teff contains iron, an essential mineral for the production of hemoglobin and red blood cells. Including iron-rich foods like Teff in the diet can help prevent or alleviate iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy, supporting oxygen transport to tissues and optimal fetal growth. 

Calcium and Magnesium: Teff provides calcium and magnesium, minerals important for bone health and muscle function. During pregnancy, calcium supports fetal skeletal development, while magnesium helps regulate blood pressure and may reduce the risk of preterm labor and preeclampsia. Consuming foods rich in calcium and magnesium, such as Teff, can contribute to maternal and fetal well-being. 

Complex Carbohydrates: Teff is a complex carbohydrate with a low glycemic index, meaning it releases glucose into the bloodstream gradually, providing sustained energy without causing rapid spikes in blood sugar levels. Stable blood sugar levels are important for overall health and may help regulate menstrual cycles and ovulation, supporting fertility. 

Protein: Teff contains protein, which is essential for tissue repair, hormone synthesis, and overall growth and development. Including protein-rich foods like Teff in the diet supports maternal tissue repair during pregnancy and provides amino acids necessary for fetal growth and development. 

Dietary Fiber: Teff is high in dietary fiber, which supports digestive health and helps prevent constipation, a common concern during pregnancy. Adequate fiber intake also promotes satiety and may help manage weight gain during pregnancy. 

While Teff offers numerous nutritional benefits for pregnancy and ovulation, it's essential to consume it as part of a balanced diet that includes a variety of nutrient-rich foods. Additionally, individual dietary needs may vary, so consulting with a healthcare provider or registered dietitian for personalized nutrition advice is recommended, especially during pregnancy or when planning to conceive. The value of Teff for brain and nerval system: 

Overall, incorporating Teff into a balanced diet can contribute to brain health and support the nervous system, thanks to its nutrient-rich profile and beneficial properties. However, it's important to consume Teff as part of a varied and nutritious diet that includes a range of foods that support overall health and well-being. Teff, the gluten-free whole grain native to Ethiopia, offers several nutritional components that can support brain health and the nervous system: 

Complex Carbohydrates: Teff is a complex carbohydrate with a low glycemic index, meaning it provides a steady release of glucose into the bloodstream. This steady energy supply is important for maintaining stable blood sugar levels, which is crucial for optimal brain function. Fluctuations in blood sugar levels can affect cognitive function, mood, and energy levels. 

B Vitamins: Teff contains various B vitamins, including thiamine (B1), riboflavin (B2), niacin (B3), pyridoxine (B6), and folate (B9). These vitamins play essential roles in neurological function, neurotransmitter synthesis, and energy metabolism in the brain. For example, thiamine is necessary for nerve function and glucose metabolism, while vitamin B6 is involved in the synthesis of neurotransmitters like serotonin and dopamine. 

Magnesium: Teff is a good source of magnesium, an essential mineral that plays a crucial role in nerve transmission, muscle function, and relaxation. Adequate magnesium intake supports the proper functioning of neurons and helps regulate stress responses, which can have a positive impact on overall brain health. 

Iron: Iron deficiency can lead to cognitive impairments and decreased concentration. Teff contains iron, which is important for oxygen transport to the brain and the synthesis of neurotransmitters. Consuming iron-rich foods like Teff helps maintain cognitive function and supports overall brain health. Omega-3 Fatty Acids: While Teff is not particularly high in omega-3 fatty acids compared to fatty fish or flaxseeds, it does contain small amounts of these essential fatty acids. Omega-3 fatty acids are important for brain health, as they contribute to the structure and function of brain cell membranes and have anti-inflammatory properties. 

Antioxidants: Teff contains antioxidants such as vitamin E and polyphenols, which help protect brain cells from oxidative stress and inflammation. Oxidative stress and inflammation are implicated in neurodegenerative diseases and cognitive decline, so consuming antioxidant-rich foods like Teff may help support brain health. 

The difference between White Teff and Brown Teff by content of nutritional value for Medical Purpose: 

While both white and brown Teff varieties share similar nutritional profiles, there may be slight differences in their specific nutrient content, primarily due to variations in grain color and composition. Here's a general comparison of the nutritional content of white Teff versus brown Teff: 

Color Pigments: The main difference between white and brown Teff varieties lies in their pigmentation. Brown Teff grains contain pigments such as phenolic compounds and flavonoids that contribute to their darker color. These pigments may also possess antioxidant properties, potentially providing additional health benefits compared to white Teff. 

Dietary Fiber: Both white and brown Teff varieties are good sources of dietary fiber, which supports digestive health and helps regulate blood sugar levels. While the overall fiber content may be similar between the two types, brown Teff may have slightly higher levels of insoluble fiber due to its darker bran layers. 

Minerals: Teff is rich in minerals such as iron, calcium, magnesium, and zinc. While the mineral content may vary depending on factors like soil composition and growing conditions, there are generally no significant differences in mineral content between white and brown Teff varieties. 

Protein: Teff is also a good source of plant-based protein, containing all essential amino acids. The protein content may be similar between white and brown Teff varieties, although there could be minor variations depending on factors like grain size and genetics. 

Vitamins: Teff contains various vitamins, including B vitamins (such as thiamine, riboflavin, and niacin) and vitamin E. The vitamin content is generally consistent between white and brown Teff varieties, although specific levels may vary slightly. 

Antioxidants: As mentioned earlier, brown Teff may contain higher levels of pigments with antioxidant properties compared to white Teff. These antioxidants may help protect cells from oxidative damage and provide additional health benefits. 

Overall, while there may be minor differences in the nutritional content between white and brown Teff varieties, both types are highly nutritious whole grains that offer essential nutrients and health benefits. The choice between white and brown Teff is often based on personal preference, culinary considerations, and availability rather than significant differences in nutritional value. 

Overview of Ethiopian Garlic as well as Medical and Economical Value: 

One of the most significant vegetables from the bulb family that is used to flavor and spice meals is ga rlic.Its strong flavor makes it useful all across the world as a condiment or spice.It is anecessary comp onent in the majority of meals from many different nations, including Ethiopia.Foods taste better with th e addition of garlic, which also aids in meal digestion and palatability.It plays a significant role in the w orld's most popular cuisine.Garlic is frequently used in Ethiopian cooking, especially when creating dri ed goods for longer shelf life and certain stew recipes.One of the most significant vegetable and spice crops grown in vast quantities in Ethiopia throughout the dry and rainy seasons is garlic, which is rightf ully known as the "queen of the kitchen.For ages, Ethiopians have valued the nutritional and therapeut ic benefits of garlic.In this nation, garlic is used to cure headaches, bites, worms, tumors, and to lower the risk of cancer and chest problems. 

Ethiopia's Garlic Industry Is Important for Trade More than any other country in the world, garlic has been a major cash crop. In Ethiopia, however, its economic importance is much greater. As a major commercial horticulture product, garlic offers farmers and cultivators a high rate of return on their investment. Grown for its spices, it adds flavor to regional cuisine. In many regions of the nation, this crop is grown for personal use and serves as a revenue stream for several garlic growers. Ethiopian small- and commercial-scale producers cultivate garlic, a significant bulb crop for both local use and export. It has been demonstrated that growing cash crops, such as garlic and other spices, may help farmers make a living, particularly small-holder farmers with little farmed land. 

Garlic is grown on 13,278.55 hectares of land, making it the second most important spice crop in Ethiopia after onions. This represents approximately 6.64% of the country's total land area covered by vegetable crops. Garlic produces approximately 123,961.46 tons of vegetables, or 7.42% of all vegetables produced in Ethiopia. Ethiopia produces over 22,254.793 tons of garlic annually during the 2012–2013 agricultural seasons. 

The Medical Value of Garlic: 
Garlic has been used for its medicinal properties for thousands of years in various cultures. It contains several compounds that are believed to offer health benefits, including: 

Allicin: This is the main active compound in garlic, formed when garlic is crushed or chopped. Allicin is responsible for many of garlic's health benefits, including its antibacterial and antifungal properties. 

Sulfur Compounds: Garlic contains sulfur compounds like diallyl disulfide and diallyl trisulfide, which have been shown to have antioxidant properties and may help lower the risk of certain chronic diseases. 

Antioxidants: Garlic contains antioxidants, such as flavonoids and selenium, which help protect the body against oxidative damage caused by free radicals. 

Anti-inflammatory properties: Some studies suggest that garlic may help reduce inflammation in the body, which is believed to play a role in the development of chronic diseases like heart disease and cancer. 

Cardiovascular benefits: Garlic has been shown to have several cardiovascular benefits, including lowering blood pressure, reducing cholesterol levels, and improving blood flow. These effects may help reduce the risk of heart disease and stroke. 

Immune system support: Garlic is believed to have immune-boosting properties, which may help the body fight off infections like the common cold and flu. 

Antimicrobial properties: Garlic has natural antimicrobial properties that may help fight off bacterial, viral, and fungal infections. 

Cancer prevention: Some studies suggest that garlic may help reduce the risk of certain types of cancer, including stomach, colon, and prostate cancer, although more research is needed in this area. 

It's important to note that while garlic may offer several health benefits, it should not be used as a substitute for medical treatment. If you have a medical condition or are taking medication, it's best to consult with a healthcare professional before incorporating large amounts of garlic into your diet or using it for medicinal purposes. Additionally, some people may experience digestive issues or allergic reactions to garlic, so it's important to consume it in moderation and monitor for any adverse effects. 

Biography

Immunologist, Certified Drug Safety Officer, Pharmacovigilance, Clinical Trials Specialist, Monitoring and Medical Writing. Former Scientific worker and Medical Advisor at Seramun Diagnostica Biotechnology Company in the Dept. of Research and Development as a Research & Development Scientist and Medical Advisor in the field of Immunoassay, Immunodiagnostic, Autoantibodies and Autoimmune Diseases. Completed PhD from Charite’-University of Medicine Berlin, Center for Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Internal Medicine Dept. of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology; German Rheumatology Research Center Berlin; Institute for Immunology, Center for Infection Medicine of Freie University Berlin. Ambassador of Brain City Berlin for Science and Technology. Ambassador of Tedda Health Science College in Tedda-Gonder/ Ethiopia. Diaspora Expert for Developing Countries in relation to Health, Education, Research, Capacity Building and Consultation. Co-advisor and lecturer for Master and PhD students & lecturer of undergraduate students in different Ethiopian Universities, Medical Colleges and Faculties. Board Member of Ethiopian Institute of Textile and Fashion Technology EiTEX & Biorefinery Research Center (BRRC of EiTEX) in Bahir Dar University-Ethiopia, Board Member & Co-Founder and General Secretary of International Verein für Gesundheitsförderung in Äthiopien (IVGFÄ) at Germany. Vice-President of Bridge Ethiopia Network for Science and Technology (BE-NeST) in Germany. Auditor of German Society for Lupus Research Society/ Deutsche Gesellschaft für Lupus Forschung (DGLF) e.V.in Berlin-Germany.