Abstract

Open cavities have been put forward as a convenient platform with which to undertake molecular strong coupling. Whilst a number of demonstrations of Rabi- splitting in open cavities have been reported by monitoring reflectivity and/or transmission, it remains unclear whether such structures really drive a molecular resonance into the strong coupling regime [1, 2, 3]. Here we explore a more stringent monitor of strong coupling, the modification of photoluminescence. We examine the emission from a range of dye-doped open, half and full optical microcavities. For each configuration an analysis of the reflectivity data indicates the presence of strong coupling. We find that our open and half cavities show only minor modifications of the photoluminescence spectrum. For the full-cavity, for which the dielectric layer is bound both above and below by a metallic mirror, we find very significant modification, the photoluminescence clearly tracking the lower polariton. Based on our observations we suggest the usual strong coupling criterion based on the coupling strength needs to be supplemented by an additional condition based on the cavity finesse. Accordingly, we propose a new criterion for effective molecular strong coupling [1]. This technique may be of relevance in designing strong coupling resonators for chemistry and materials science investigations to probe a fascinating aspect of molecular strong coupling, a new field that spans physics, chemistry, and materials science and that promises to add cavity quantum electrodynamics to the chemistry/materials toolkit. 

Biography

Dr. Kishan Menghrajani obtained his Ph.D. in physics from the University of Exeter, UK where he was primarily interested in exploring the strong coupling between the vibrational modes of molecules and infra-red surface plasmons. His research spans the broad umbrella of Light-Matter interactions. He has recently joined Monash University, Melbourne, Australia as Research Fellow with Prof. Stefan Maier. His skill set revolves around energy-momentum spectroscopy, nanofabrication techniques, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, and numerical electrodynamic modeling. He is self-motivated researcher with demonstrated expertise in interdisciplinary research areas.

Abstract

This presentation will discusses the challenges in developing graphene coating by chemical vapour deposition (CVD) on the most common engineering alloy, mild steel, and the recent success in circumvention of the challenges in successful development of CVD graphene on mild steel for durable corrosion resistance of the alloy. Graphene possesses a unique combination of properties (namely, extraordinary impermeability, inertness and toughness) that is ideal for a corrosion resistant barrier.  Ultra-thin graphene coatings have been reported to improve corrosion resistance of nickel and copper by two orders of magnitude in aggressive chloride and acidic environment.  However, it is extremely challenging to develop CVD graphene on mild steel. The talk provide an overview of the ability of graphene coatings to remarkably improve corrosion resistance of nickel and copper, and critically discusses the challenges in CVD graphene coating of steel, circumvention of the challenges and demonstration of remarkable and durable corrosion resistance of mild steel due to the CVD graphene coatings.

Biography

Professor Raman Singh’s primary research interests are in the relationship of Nano/microstructure and Environment-assisted degradation and fracture of metallic and composite materials, and Nanotechnology for Advanced Mitigation of such Degradations. He has worked extensively on advanced materials (e.g., graphene) for corrosion mitigation, stress corrosion cracking, and corrosion-mitigation (including in the context of advanced civil engineering applications such as seawater sea sand concrete). He is a senior professor at Monash University, Australia. He is/was a Guest Professor at ETH Zurich, Switzerland (2020, 2023, 2024), US Naval Research Lab, Indian Institute of Science, and University of Connecticut. He worked as a scientist at Indian Atomic Energy and as a post-doc fellow at UNSW/Australia. Prof Singh’s professional distinctions and recognitions include: Guest Professor of ETH Zurich, Editor of a book on Cracking of Welds (CRC Press), Lead Editor of a book on Non-destructive Evaluation of Corrosion (Wiley), Editor-in-Chief of an Elsevier and two MDPI journals, leader/chairperson of a few international conferences and numerous plenary/keynote lectures at international conferences, over 265 peer-reviewed international journal publications and 15 book chapter, and several competitive research grants He has supervised 58 PhD students.

Abstract

Porous media is a broad field with applications in various industries and sciences. Understanding the fracture mechanics of these materials is crucial in sectors like oil and gas, geothermal energy, civil engineering, and environmental science. By gaining a more profound knowledge of porous media, we can improve operational efficiency, enhance material performance, and effectively manage fracture-related risks. 

Porous media consist of voids within a solid matrix, ranging in size from micrometers to centimeters. The distribution, connectivity, and size of these pores significantly impact the material's mechanical properties. The microstructure, including the characteristics of cement matrix and aggregates, is vital in determining the overall behavior.

We have developed a mesoscopic model for cement-based composites, allowing us to deduce the mechanical behavior of finite element RVE sizes based on constituent properties. This model can be integrated into a finite element solver as a material law, calculating macroscopic properties from individual constituents. It analyzes material responses under stress and strain, separating it into elastic and viscoplastic components. Elastic behavior follows a neo-Hookean material model, while viscoplastic behavior considers rate-dependent deformation. Our modified model predicts fracture initiation and propagation using phase field equations and a Drucker-Prager yield function. Parametric studies investigate the influence of phase properties on stress-strain relationships, highlighting the significance of mechanical properties such as the matrix and interphases. The model accurately predicts fracture behavior in recycled aggregate concrete, addressing structural heterogeneity. This three-phase model provides valuable insights into mesoscopic fracture behavior.

Biography

Dr. Justin Kinda, P.h.D Engineer, experienced in sustainable building materials and fracture modeling. Having obtained my Ph.D. degree from Ecole Normale Superieure Paris Saclay (France) and a double Engineering degree from both École Centrale (France) and École Hassania des Travaux Publics (Morocco), He had the privilege of serving as an R&D specialist at the esteemed University of Luxembourg and as an R&D engineer at EDF. In his career, he was actively worked on sustainable building materials, constantly striving to create innovative solutions that contribute to a greener future.

Abstract

Silicone breast implants are conventionally used to reconstruct the shape and size of the breast in breast cancer patients. However, rate of failure of implants due to formation of capsular contracture is significantly high. Recent studies have shown that coating the surface of the implant with a biocompatible polymer can mitigate this risk. Here, we have modified the surface of implant using a biocompatible natural biopolymer silk fibroin (SF). Further, we have developed formulations of SF with a recombinantly produced elastin-like-peptide (ELP) and compared their performance with a known anti-fouling hydrophilic polymer - polyethylene oxide (PEO). Microscopic and spectroscopic characterization confirm the formation of uniform coatings. These coatings have been also characterized for their ability to resists crack formation. Further, the coatings have been evaluated for their biological performance. Our studies show that addition of 25wt% of ELP to SF significantly enhances the crack resistance for the coatings. In addition, SF/ELP coatings reduce the adsorption of blood plasma proteins by more than 80%. Preliminary analysis shows that the SF/ELP blend coatings are non-cytotoxic and support adhesion, growth and proliferation of fibroblast cells. The study therefore demonstrates that SF/ELP coatings have the potential to mitigate the risk of breast implant failure. 

Biography

Emmanuel Joseph has graduated as Bachelor of Technology in Polymer Engineering (2016) from Mahatma Gandhi University College of Engineering (MGUCE, Thodupuzha, India). He obtained his PhD in Engineering Sciences (2022) in the National Chemical Laboratory (NCL, Pune, India), where he investigated fundamental questions on the stability and biocompatibility silk fibroin coatings and established test methods to quantify the adhesion between stiff coating materials on soft substrates. He thus gained a solid multidisciplinary knowledge in the surface functionalization and characterization of biopolymer-based materials. He has also embarked on more applied studies with industrial partners, including the leading cancer care group Prashanti Cancer Care Mission to evaluate novel bio-functional molecules coated medical devices. In 2021, he worked as subject matter expert in 3D bioprinting at Accreate Additive Labs Pvt Ltd, a deep-technology company focused on bringing the benefits of additive manufacturing to clients in healthcare industries. Since November 2022, he is gaining post-doctoral experience at CRPP in the group of Dr. Nicolas Martin on light-responsive coacervate droplets.

Abstract

Functionally designed fabric shades with built-in smartness to dynamically change their heat and light transfer properties based on changing external conditions provide opportunities for building occupants to control sunlight penetration for heat reduction, thermal comfort, and visual quality. These regulating shades can potentially reduce the size and capacity of heating and cooling systems. However, the role of shades on energy conservation is not generally considered in current building and energy planning practices, even though automatic shade control is very much a practical reality. The practice of ignoring the energy saving potential of shades in planning stages can change with a broad-based understanding of the impact of shades on energy saving. A few studies available in literature address the impact of shades and their integrated performance on energy consumption and visual quality. Most of these studies, however, do not take into account the important of advances made in the design and application of shading fabrics and systems. Recent advances in software-based simulation tools make it possible to consider different designs and their application variables in studying the impact of shades on heating, cooling and lighting energy savings. 

Simulation-based parametric studies using tools such as EnergyPlus, DAYSIM, etc. have been found to provide a good understanding of energy savings under different shade conditions. The multi-parametric simulation runs made possible by the new simulation programs address the role of various building and shading parameters such as geometry, orientation, local climatic conditions, glazing/shade properties, and shade control strategies. They also permit to assess the cumulative energy savings in the presence of integrated lighting controls. The impact of shades can be assessed for heating and cooling the whole building and isolated spaces within the building. Energy savings can also be assessed in the presence and absence of automatic lighting controls. The common software tools used to study visual quality are EnergyPlus, AGI32 and DAYSIM. Several indices that describe visual quality such as daylight glare index (DGI), work plane illuminance, luminance ratios and view clarity can be obtained. Different shade control strategies and integrated lighting controls can be considered with multiple translucent fabric shade colors. The results of several of these studies demonstrate the benefits of automatic shade control strategies with integrated lighting controls as compared to the practice of keeping the shades closed for most part of the day. Important facts established through multiple simulation and experimental studies will be shared in this presentation. 

This presentation will also discuss the commercialization potential of selected products that hold immediate promise for commercialization.

Biography

Dr. Radhakrishnaiah Parachuru is • Completed more than 220 applied research projects for the manufacturers and distributors of fiber and polymer products based in multiple states of the US. • Presented in 190 national and international conferences. • Published 58 research papers in refereed science & engineering journals. • Managed six different characterization labs and three process technology labs for 20 years. Upgraded four characterization labs by adding a new SEM and also X-Ray Diffraction, X-Ray Fluorescence, Spectrometry, Rheology, and Thermal Analysis equipment. • Served as faculty member in-charge of laboratory safety for 12 years (24 labs in 4 different buildings). • Served as expert witness in 48 litigations. Testified in court rooms across eight different states within the US. • Resolved dozens of product/material related disputes through independent testing. • Conducted failure analysis, identified root causes and suggested remedies. • Continue to serve as AATCC expert in textile engineering and statistics areas (this is a paid consultancy role since 2004).

Abstract

Lignocellulosic bast and hurd fibers have long been used as a material in polymer (“plastic”) bio-composites and are reported to possess attractive properties for use in such applications. The bast and hurd fibers from hemp stalks are obtained via decortication, and then further size reduced to 500 microns using a hammermill. This output is then pelletized in combination with a small amount of polymer, before being compounded with matrix polymers, and in some cases with chemical compatibilizers: the resulting “bio-composite” pellets are then injection molded. The pellets created from lignocellulosic fibers which have been compounded with polypropylene and a chemical compatibilizer exhibit the most desirable properties, and the potential of this composite was further studied. ASTM test sticks were then quantitively tested for a number of properties. It was noted that the composites exhibit excellent mechanical properties, including high tensile strength, excellent thermal properties, acceptable impact strength, and an exceptionally low specific density. Also, it was noted that the odour of the bio-composite is clearly in the acceptable range. Furthermore, per life cycle analysis, it was noted that biocomposites provide excellent environmental and social benefits. Lignocellulosic bast and hurd fibers can be used as a useful and environmentally and socially desirable composite material for further studies and applications: The key requirement will be a cost-effective solution to achieve the overall process of producing bio-composite pellets for thermoplastic production.

Biography

Robert Ziner, the CEO of Advanced Bio-Material Technologies Corporation, earned an MBA from the Rotman Management School, at the University of Toronto, Canada. He brings 35 years of Executive Management in large-scale commodity processing and distribution - as well as the development of real-time, AI-driven advanced manufacturing systems for the processing and optimization of natural fibers. Robert has earned multiple patents relating to processing wood and natural fibers in Smart Factory applications. He sits on the board of the Ontario government’s “NGEN” AI 4 Manufacturing Association and has been an invited speaker at 16 conferences over the past 3 years.

Abstract

Copper telluride Cu2-xTe (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) 1D-nanowire (CuTe_0.15) was synthesized on a copper substrate in a single step without a reducing agent and catalyst-free chemical vapor deposition method. This synthesis produced nanowires of uniform diameter of 0.22 ± 0.01 µm with a mean length of 13.89 ± 1.02 µm and horizontal-grown isolated nanowires, as observed by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy studies. Selected area electron diffraction studies of the nanowire show the diffraction spot, demonstrating the nanowire's single-crystalline and high-quality crystallinity. The X-ray diffraction pattern analysis confirmed that the so-fabricated nanowires are mixed phases of orthorhombic CuTe and hexagonal Cu2Te structures. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy found evidence of the presence of both Cu2+ and Cu+ oxidation states of Cu. The ratio of Cu2+ to Cu+ is found to be 1:1.7. Moreover, the influence of Cu substrate thickness is investigated under the same experimental conditions. Our studies show that the thickness of Cu significantly impacts the nanostructure morphology. When the Cu substrate thickness increases by ten, structures (CuTe_1.5) such as 1D nanowires, 2D hexagon sheets, and 3D dendrites become evident. UV-visible absorption studies show that as Cu thickness increases from 0.15 mm to 1.5 mm, the absorption peak shifts from 533 nm to 614.70 nm. The detailed mechanisms of growth of 1D nanowires, 2D sheets, and 3D dendrites were discussed. The electrochemical performance and OER activity of nanostructures were evaluated using a three-electrode configuration. According to a comparative study, 1D nanowire exhibited superior electrochemical performance compared to 2D and 3D nanostructure morphologies.

Biography

Dr. Sumayya M. Ansari is an eminent postdoctoral research fellow at United Arab Emirates University, UAE, with extensive knowledge of materials science, nanotechnology, and advanced characterization techniques. She earned a Ph.D. in 2019 under the supervision of Prof. Y.D. Koleakr, University of Pune, and Prof. Debasis Sen, Bhabha Atomic Research Center (BARC), India. She has substantially contributed to numerous fields, including magnetic ferrite nanomaterials, phase change materials, chemical synthesis, and thin-film fabrication. Dr. Ansari's work has revolutionized our comprehension of magnetic materials, nanomaterials, and their applications, as evidenced by his record of influential publications in prestigious journals. Her unwavering dedication to research, innovation, and the dissemination of knowledge makes her an inspiration to fellow researchers and enthusiasts.

Abstract

At the nanoscale, bone consists of a hierarchical structure of mineral crystals (hard material) and collagen (soft material). Inspired by bone’s nanoscale structure and properties, we design a nanocomposite with flexible pristine/polycrystalline graphene embedded in a hard Ni matrix. We model Ni graphene nanocomposites, with different structural arrangements for graphene in the Ni matrix. We use molecular dynamics to investigate the deformation of Ni-graphene nanocomposites under 3-point bending. We find that nanocomposites can deform approximately 30% more than pure Ni. The flexibility of the nanocomposite is optimally enhanced with a distance between graphene sheets greater than or equal to 3.05 nm. Polycrystalline graphene nanocomposites show approximately 15–20% improvement in bending modulus compared to pristine graphene nanocomposites. The increase in bending modulus of polycrystalline graphene nanocomposite is because polycrystalline graphene has higher interfacial shear strength compared to pristine graphene. We also find that the structural arrangement of graphene sheets is more important than increases in their volume fraction in the Ni matrix. These results suggest that graphene sheets scattered in the Ni-matrix is preferable to other structural arrangements. The results from this simulation could help in tuning nanocomposite with desired mechanical properties for various engineering applications.

Biography

Raghuram Reddy Santhapuram has completed his PhD from the Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Arkansas, USA. He has published research articles in reputed journals in the field of composite materials, tribology/surface science. He has been working as the Test R&D Engineer at INTEL since his graduation and developing a world class facility in testing the INTEL products.

Abstract

Current challenges in biomaterials science consist in obtaining complex multifunctional materials by tissue engineering. During recent years, biomimetic strategy has been considered an ideal solution for growing adherent remineralized layers onto mature enamel affected by sub micrometer erosion and initial carious lesions, whereas problems of secondary effects as marginal leakage, hypersensitivity, weak adhesion over time and secondary caries at the interface between the original enamel and the filling materials were eliminated. Thus, growth of synthetic enamel-like materials with good adhesion and dense interface to the original enamel of teeth has been of high interest. This paper focuses on systematic study of compositional, structural and nano- to mesoscale morphological changes occurring between 4 and 10 days of biomimetic growth of synthetic HAP and CS-HAP layers grown directly onto demineralized natural enamel by using commercial Emdogain as source of proteins in preparation of extracellular hydrogels through a modified method.

Biography

Daniela Buruiana is Head of Department of Materials and Environmental Engineering (DIMM), Faculty of Engineering, 2020-present: Head of Interdisciplinary Research Centre in the Field of Eco-Nano Technology and Advance materials CC-ITI. She has published more than 37 published ISI articles, 7 published books, 30 conference entries and 17 awards given at conferences and projects.

Abstract

Petroleum-based plastics have become an indispensable part of our daily lives. From bicycle helmets to medical equipment, they can be found in a vast array of everyday products. Research and development of sustainable, environmentally friendly, and biodegradable materials has become crucial considering growing environmental concerns. Biomaterials have the potential to address the major problems facing our generation, such as global warming, the potential depletion of fossil fuels, and waste management. With their exceptional performance including high strength-to-weight ratios, excellent fatigue, design flexibility and corrosion resistance, biocomposites show great potential to replace petroleum-based materials. The components of biocomposites are biodegradable polymers and natural fibers. Compared to their petroleum-based counterparts, biocomposites offer additional benefits, such as enhanced damping properties, abrasion resistance, fatigue life, thermal and acoustic insulations, and health safety. This presentation provides an overview of biofibers, bioplastics, various production methods, their respective treatments, and their applications. 

Biography

Petroleum-based plastics have become an indispensable part of our daily lives. From bicycle helmets to medical equipment, they can be found in a vast array of everyday products. Research and development of sustainable, environmentally friendly, and biodegradable materials has become crucial considering growing environmental concerns. Biomaterials have the potential to address the major problems facing our generation, such as global warming, the potential depletion of fossil fuels, and waste management. With their exceptional performance including high strength-to-weight ratios, excellent fatigue, design flexibility and corrosion resistance, biocomposites show great potential to replace petroleum-based materials. The components of biocomposites are biodegradable polymers and natural fibers. Compared to their petroleum-based counterparts, biocomposites offer additional benefits, such as enhanced damping properties, abrasion resistance, fatigue life, thermal and acoustic insulations, and health safety. This presentation provides an overview of biofibers, bioplastics, various production methods, their respective treatments, and their applications.

Abstract

Electrical phenomena are not limited to physics or engineering applications but are just as abundant in biology. To extract and store energy, control molecular reactions and enable multicellular communication are instances where electrical phenomena plays a dominat role in biology. Especially, microbes have evolved genetically encoded machinery enabling them to utilize the abundant redox-active molecules. Synthetic biology is allowing for the use of these machinery as components of engineered living materials with tuneable electrical properties. Meanwhile, a large number of such living electronic components including wires, capacitors, transistors, diodes, optoelectronic components, spin filters, sensors, logic processors, bioactuators, information storage media and methods for assembling these components into living electronic circuits have been identified and research is constantly increasing in this field. Synthetic biology applies genetic tools to engineer living cells and organisms analogous to the programming of machines. In materials synthetic biology, engineering principles from synthetic biology and materials science are integrated to redesign living systems as dynamic and responsive materials with emerging and programmable functionalities. Here we focus on living electronics and living materials and elucidate the role of synthetic biology in this emerging field. 

Biography

Dr. Per A. Löthman obtained his Ph.D. degree from Twente University , The Netherlands in the field of Macroscopic Magnetic Self-assembly and conducted research in Canada, France and Germany on carbon nanotubes, Graphen and related nanomaterials. His research is interdisciplinary and involve BioNanotechnology including DNA, S-layers, Viruses (archaea, bacteriophages), Biomolecular Architecture. Botany and functional surfaces. Dr. Löthman has published over 60 scientifical articles, several book chapters and serves as a reviewer for several journals such as Journal of Bioanalytical and Analytical Chemistry, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, Thin Solid Films, Sensors and Actuators, Microsystems Technologies, Biophysical Reviews and Letters, He is Senior Research Scientist at Foviatech GmbH in Hamburg, Germany, a young innovative high-tech company in the field of advanced materials and artificial intelligence, and a lecturer in Nanomedicine, Nanopharmacy and Nanomaterials (Kaiserslautern University) and Mechatronics Systems and Design (Hamburg University), Germany.